Ringfort (Rath), Adamstown, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Adamstown, Co. Kilkenny

A low earthen bank and a shallow ditch do not look like much from a distance, but what survives at Adamstown in County Kilkenny is a well-preserved example of a rath, the most common monument type in the Irish countryside.

A rath is an early medieval farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen banks, built to define a household's territory and offer a degree of protection for people and livestock. Thousands once existed across Ireland; many have been ploughed flat or absorbed into field boundaries, which makes the survival of this one quietly notable.

The enclosure sits on the western side of a valley that runs predominantly north to south, with the land falling steeply to the valley floor to the east and rising more gently at first, then more sharply, to the west. The position was chosen with some care. Views open out to the north, east, and south, giving any occupant a commanding sense of the surrounding landscape, while the valley side to the west provides a natural backdrop. The rath itself is roughly circular, with an internal diameter of around 41 metres north to south and 37 metres east to west, giving it an overall diameter of approximately 55 metres by 46 metres. It is defined by an earthen bank that stands about a metre high on the interior and rises to roughly 1.7 metres on the exterior, with a crest width of around 2 metres. Beyond the bank runs an external fosse, a ditch about 3 metres wide and just under a metre deep, which would have provided the material for building the bank above it. The whole enclosure sits in pasture, which has helped preserve the earthworks in reasonable condition.

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