Enclosure, Neworchard, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Neworchard, Co. Kilkenny

In a field at Neworchard in County Kilkenny, the outline of a circular enclosure sits quietly in the soil, invisible to anyone walking across it, yet legible from the air.

The enclosure, roughly 44 metres in diameter, shows up as a cropmark, the faint but telling discolouration that appears in growing crops or grass when the buried remains of a fosse, a defensive ditch, alter how moisture and nutrients reach the surface above. It is the kind of feature that only reveals itself at the right angle and altitude, and it remained unrecorded on the ground for a very long time.

The enclosure does not appear on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, surveyed in 1839 to 1840, nor on the revision carried out in 1945 and 1946. It came to notice only through aerial photography, first identified on a Geological Survey of Ireland photograph taken between 1973 and 1977, and later confirmed on satellite imagery from April 2019. The later imagery also hints at a possible entrance in the north-west quadrant of the enclosure, a detail that would be consistent with many Irish ringforts and enclosures of early medieval date, though the precise age and function of this particular example remain unestablished. A field boundary and a farm roadway running roughly north-north-west to south-south-east cut through the north-east and eastern sector of the enclosure, a reminder of how agricultural activity has worked around and across such sites for generations, often without anyone knowing the underlying archaeology was there at all.

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Pete F
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