Ringfort (Rath), Ennisnag, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ennisnag, Co. Kilkenny

Beneath a tilled field near Ennisnag in County Kilkenny, a ringfort persists only as a ghost in the soil.

A ringfort, or rath, was typically an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, defined by one or more earthen banks and an outer ditch. This one survives in no visible form above ground, yet in dry summers its outline reappears as a cropmark, the buried archaeology causing the crops above it to grow and colour differently from the surrounding field, tracing the circle as clearly as any map.

The site was already well-documented by the time anyone thought to question its future. The first Ordnance Survey six-inch map, published in 1839, recorded a roughly circular enclosure some 38 metres across, with a trigonometric survey station placed within it at an elevation of 236 feet. By the 1948 revision of that same map, the north-eastern portion had already been damaged, partially levelled or quarried away, leaving only the southern half and western sector legible. When inspectors visited in April 1955, they found a platform ringfort still standing roughly 1.36 metres above the surrounding ground, its interior disturbed by rabbit burrows and its encircling ditch largely gone, though the southern side still showed the original ditch cutting nearly two metres below the platform surface. The northern arc of the earthwork had clearly been removed some time before, though the 1955 inspection noted this did not appear to have happened recently. Despite all of this surviving evidence, the fort was subsequently demolished as part of a Land Project scheme, the mid-twentieth-century state programme that cleared and drained agricultural land across Ireland, removing many earthworks in the process. What could not be erased was the underlying archaeology, and aerial photographs taken in July 2000 confirmed the full circular outline still readable in the crops above it.

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