Enclosure, Ballysheen, Co. Kerry

Co. Kerry |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballysheen, Co. Kerry

In the north-east corner of a pasture field in Ballysheen, County Kerry, sits an earthwork enclosure that has been quietly absorbed into the working landscape around it.

What makes it worth a second look is precisely this ordinariness. The raised bank that defines it has, over the centuries, been pressed into service as a field boundary, so that the enclosure now shares its edges with the divisions of the farm rather than standing apart from them. It is the kind of feature that a farmer learns to plough around without necessarily wondering what it is.

The site appears on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1841, where it is shown as a roughly circular area approximately twenty-five metres in diameter, enclosed by a bank and already incorporated into the eastern field boundary at its northern and south-south-eastern sides. By the time the twenty-five-inch OS map was published in 1892, the shape recorded had shifted noticeably. It now appeared D-shaped, measuring around twenty-nine metres north to south and twenty-six metres east to west, with the bank running from south-east around to north-north-east and a linear field boundary completing the circuit from north-north-east to south-east. Whether this reflects actual change on the ground, the greater precision of the later survey, or simply a difference in how the cartographers interpreted what they saw, the two maps together offer a small case study in how archaeological features and agricultural boundaries become entangled over time. Enclosures of this kind are generally associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, typically serving as the defining boundary of a ringfort or ráth, a circular enclosure of earth that would once have contained a farmstead and its outbuildings.

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Pete F
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