Ringfort (Rath), Drumminacunna, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
What survives at Drumminacunna is not a neatly circular earthwork of the kind that tends to appear on heritage maps and tourist signage, but something rather more complicated: a ringfort that has been quietly cannibalised, altered, and partially replaced, probably across several different periods, leaving a monument that reads almost like a palimpsest in the landscape.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were typically circular or near-circular enclosures bounded by an earthen bank and outer ditch, and served as farmsteads and settlement sites throughout the early medieval period. This one sits on the west-facing slope of a low hillock in upland Tipperary, with open views in all directions, and measures roughly 53 metres east to west and 56 metres from south-west to north-east, which places it comfortably within the larger end of the rath category.
The enclosure tells two distinct stories depending on which side you approach from. Along the eastern to south-eastern arc, the original bank is still legible, though poorly preserved, with traces of an outer fosse, the shallow ditch that would once have separated the bank from the surrounding land. Elsewhere, the bank has been worn down to a low scarp barely rising above the surrounding ground. What makes Drumminacunna particularly interesting is the western half of the enclosure, where the original earthwork has been replaced, or possibly reinforced, by a straight-sided field bank of earth and stone. This later bank is considerably better preserved than the ancient one it supplements, standing to an external height of around 1.4 metres and retaining evidence of external stone facing. The 1840 Ordnance Survey six-inch map already shows this field bank forming part of the circuit, suggesting that by the mid-nineteenth century at the very latest, agricultural boundaries had been woven directly into the fabric of the prehistoric monument, blurring the line between old enclosure and working farmland in a way that was probably invisible to anyone who simply used it as a field boundary.