Ringfort (Rath), Clonygaheen, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
What survives at Clonygaheen is only a fragment, and yet that partial survival is part of what makes it worth attention.
On a south-facing slope in an upland corner of north Tipperary, the remains of an early medieval ringfort persist in an irregular oval, roughly sixteen metres across from north to south and twenty-four metres from east to west. A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, was a farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen or stone banks, the standard form of rural settlement in Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. Here, the enclosing bank of earth and stone survives only along the southern, western, and northern arcs; elsewhere it has been destroyed, giving the whole a lopsided, incomplete quality that the first-edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, which shows it as a neat circular enclosure, does not quite prepare you for.
The bank itself is modest in its surviving dimensions, around two metres wide, rising about a metre above the interior ground level and somewhat less on the outer face. Along the inner southern edge there is some evidence of stone revetment, meaning that flat stones were once set upright or stacked to line the interior face of the bank and hold it firm. It is a detail easy to overlook but telling: it suggests a degree of deliberate construction beyond simple piled earth. What is perhaps more striking than the monument itself is its company. At least three other ringforts lie in the immediate vicinity to the north and south, catalogued separately but clearly part of the same upland landscape of early settlement. Small farming communities clustered here in a way that, seen together, speaks to a more populated past than the quiet hillside now suggests.