Enclosure, Farranshea, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
Beneath a west-facing pasture in Farranshea, County Tipperary, lies an enclosure that exists, as far as anyone can tell, only as a shadow.
There is nothing to see at ground level, no earthwork, no ditch, no raised outline in the grass. What we know of this site comes entirely from a single aerial photograph taken in April 1974, in which the buried remains show up as a cropmark, the faint but legible signature that buried features leave on growing vegetation when soil conditions and drought stress align in just the right way.
Cropmarks form when buried ditches or banks alter the moisture and nutrient content of the soil above them, causing overlying crops or grasses to grow taller, greener, or more thinly than the surrounding field. The photograph in question, catalogued as GSI S. 653/2, captured what appears to be an enclosure associated with a nearby ringfort. Ringforts are the most common archaeological monument type in Ireland, typically circular enclosures defined by earthen banks and ditches, used as farmsteads during the early medieval period. This particular site sits in a landscape that was evidently well settled: another ringfort lies roughly 220 metres to the north-west, and a moated site, a type of rectangular embanked enclosure more commonly associated with Anglo-Norman settlement in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, sits around 230 metres to the south-west. The clustering of these monument types across a relatively small area hints at generations of activity in this corner of Tipperary, layered and overlapping, though the enclosure itself remains stubbornly invisible to anyone walking the land today.