Enclosure, Rathkenty, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
Some archaeological sites announce themselves with earthworks, standing stones, or at least a weathered marker post.
The enclosure at Rathkenty, County Tipperary, offers none of that. It exists, for the modern visitor, almost entirely on paper, a feature once substantial enough to be mapped twice by the Ordnance Survey but now leaving no visible trace whatsoever at ground level.
The site sits on a west-facing incline above the River Moyle, with a rock outcrop marking the top of the slope and the ground levelling out as it approaches the riverbank below. When the first edition of the six-inch Ordnance Survey map was produced in 1840, the enclosure was recorded as a space defined on one side by a bank or scarp running roughly north to south, and on the other by the curve of the river itself. By the time the second edition was surveyed in 1906, it appeared as a roughly oval area, measuring approximately 36 metres north to south and 26 metres east to west, sitting within a loop of the Moyle. An enclosure of this kind, a roughly circular or oval area bounded by a raised bank or scarp, is a form found throughout Ireland and can indicate anything from an early medieval farmstead to a place of more ceremonial significance, though nothing in the surviving record here points firmly in either direction. What is clear is that between the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, cartographers still thought it worth recording. What happened in the intervening decades is harder to say.
Today the field is under pasture and has been heavily disturbed by horses, which has almost certainly accelerated whatever erosion or levelling had already reduced the earthwork to nothing. The landscape itself, a sloping field above a river bend, retains a quiet logic that probably explains why someone once chose to build here, but the structure they left behind has effectively been returned to the ground.