Ringfort (Cashel), Knigh, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Knigh, Co. Tipperary

On the ridge of Knigh Hill in north Tipperary, a collapsed stone wall traces a circle roughly 45 metres across, and just four metres away sits a ruinous limekiln that may have been built, at least in part, from the cashel's own stones.

A cashel is a ringfort enclosed by a stone wall rather than an earthen bank, a form particularly associated with the west and south of Ireland, and this example occupies a striking position on the north-western to south-eastern spine of the hill, with the ground falling sharply away to the north-east. The wall, once about 5.4 metres wide and standing to an external height of 1.4 metres, has largely tumbled, and trees and scrub have moved in to fill both the interior and the gaps in the enclosure. The limekiln nearby, a small industrial structure used for burning limestone to produce agricultural lime, seems to have been fed at least partly by stone robbed from the older monument.

No entrance survives in any obvious form, though a 1979 study by Grace proposed that it originally lay in the south-western quadrant of the wall. When the site was inspected in 1985 by FitzPatrick, an L-shaped stone foundation was recorded inside the enclosure, a detail that points to some kind of internal structure, possibly a building, though its date and purpose were not established. The relationship between the cashel and the limekiln neatly illustrates something common to archaeological sites across Ireland: the older monument becomes, over centuries, a convenient quarry for whoever needs building material next. In this case the prehistoric or early medieval enclosure may have helped fuel the agricultural improvement of a later era, its stones dissolved into lime and spread across surrounding fields.

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