Enclosure, Oxpark, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Oxpark, Co. Tipperary

On the north-eastern edge of Cloughjordan in County Tipperary, a three-storey tower house sits in a flat, landscaped garden, rendered in plaster and thick with ivy, its dressed limestone quoins just visible beneath.

What makes it quietly unusual is not the building itself but what surrounds it: a partly water-filled fosse, the remnant of a moat that once enclosed the site on almost three sides. That ditch widens noticeably at the north-east corner, vanishes beneath later farmyard buildings, resurfaces to the north-west, and eventually merges with a stream to the west. Whether it was originally dug as a defensive measure or added later as a landscape feature is still uncertain.

By the time of the Civil Survey of 1654 to 1656, the structure was already recorded as "the ruins of an old castle and Bawne" in the ownership of Charles Carroll. A bawn was the walled enclosure typically built around an Irish tower house to provide a defended yard, and the survey's description suggests the complex was already partially ruinous by the mid-seventeenth century. The tower house was once taller than it stands today; its roofline was lowered and reshaped into a gable-fronted form, integrating it visually with an adjoining seventeenth-century house and a further eighteenth or nineteenth-century addition to the north-west. The result is a compound that accumulated across several generations, each phase absorbing and partially masking the one before it. The moat shown on the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps corresponds broadly to this layered history, though its precise origin remains open to interpretation: it may date to the tower house's active occupation, to the later seventeenth-century residence, or it may have been fashioned purely as an ornamental element of the demesne grounds.

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Pete F
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