Ringfort (Rath), Moyneard, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Moyneard, Co. Tipperary

Most ringforts announce themselves with a certain confidence, rising as neat circular platforms above the surrounding fields.

The one at Moyneard in County Tipperary is more reticent. It sits on low-lying, poorly drained pasture, its outline only slightly raised above the ground, and its shape is not even a complete circle. The eastern side runs straight, absorbed long ago into a field boundary, giving the whole enclosure a flattened, D-shaped plan roughly 49 metres across at its widest north-to-south extent.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when formed from earthen banks rather than stone, were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from around the fifth to the twelfth century. They functioned as enclosed farmsteads, the bank and ditch providing a degree of security for livestock and family alike. At Moyneard, the enclosing bank is modest even by the standards of a modest monument type: about two metres wide, rising only 0.3 metres above the interior ground level and 0.8 metres on the outer face. Beyond the bank, there are faint traces of a fosse, a shallow external ditch, most legible along the southern arc. That the eastern bank has been quietly pressed into service as a field boundary is a detail that says a great deal about how these sites have survived in the Irish landscape, not always as protected monuments but as convenient, ready-made divisions of land. Two other possible enclosures lie to the west, suggesting that this corner of North Tipperary may have supported a small cluster of such settlements, though their relationship to the Moyneard rath remains uncertain.

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