Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhaden, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhaden, Co. Tipperary

A modern road cuts clean through the outer bank of this ringfort in Ballyhaden, County Tipperary, which says something about how ordinary the extraordinary can become when it has been sitting in the same field for over a thousand years.

The road simply passes through, as if the earthwork were a minor inconvenience rather than the engineered boundary of an early medieval farmstead or local chieftain's enclosure.

Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were the predominant settlement type in Ireland from roughly the early centuries of the first millennium through to the Norman period. They served as enclosed farmsteads, their banks and ditches defining a domestic and sometimes defensive boundary. The example at Ballyhaden is a substantial one: a circular raised interior some 35 metres across, ringed by two earth and stone banks with a wide flat-bottomed fosse between them, that is, a ditch, measuring three to four metres across and descending to an internal depth of around two and a half metres. A causewayed entrance, essentially a deliberate gap in the earthworks wide enough to pass through, sits at the south-south-east, a placement that appears with some regularity in ringfort design. The inner bank survives in considerably better condition than the outer, standing between two and three metres externally, and slopes gently down into the sheltered interior. Positioned on a low natural rise, the site commands extensive views across the surrounding countryside, which would have mattered as much to its original occupants as to anyone standing there today. Immediately outside the outer bank to the east, a nineteenth-century burial ground occupies the same ground, a reminder that places already marked out as significant tend to accumulate meaning across the centuries.

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