Ringfort (Rath), Ballinure, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinure, Co. Tipperary

A grass-covered hillock in upland Tipperary holds something that repays closer attention than its quiet surroundings might suggest.

What appears at first to be a gentle rise in a field is in fact a well-preserved rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead that was the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. This one sits on a low but commanding elevation, with panoramic views sweeping from west through north to east, the kind of position that would have suited a prosperous farming family looking to keep watch over the surrounding landscape.

The earthworks are substantial and legible on the ground. The interior is roughly circular, measuring around 26 metres north to south and 27 metres east to west, enclosed by an earth and stone bank that still stands up to 2.5 metres above the exterior ground level. Beyond that bank runs a fosse, the defensive ditch that typically rings such sites, here measuring up to six metres across at the top. A further outer bank is visible along part of the circuit, though it has been levelled elsewhere. The entrance, a causewayed gap crossing the fosse on the northern side, is 2.3 metres wide. There is an interpretive puzzle in the outer bank: the earliest edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map shows it appearing to enclose the ringfort as a field boundary, which raises the possibility that it is not a prehistoric feature at all but an eighteenth or nineteenth-century addition, farmers of a later era making use of an ancient monument as a convenient boundary marker. A more recent field boundary that cut across the northern and eastern sections of the fort has since been removed, which has helped to restore something closer to the original form of the site.

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Pete F
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