Ringfort (Rath), Quartercross, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Quartercross, Co. Tipperary

A field boundary in County Tipperary quietly steps around something old.

Rather than cutting straight across the landscape, the hedgerow running to the northeast and southeast of this site in Quartercross bends to respect a ditch that was already ancient when the field was laid out. That ditch, or fosse, is the most legible feature remaining of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. Most were built by a single farming family, the enclosing earthen bank and outer ditch serving as a boundary marker and a deterrent to cattle thieves as much as a military defence.

What survives here is modest but readable. The site occupies an oval patch of level pasture, roughly 36 metres north to south and 28 metres east to west, its outline traced by the eroded remains of an earthen scarp just over a metre high and less than two metres wide. Along the northern arc, trees have taken hold of what little remains of a probable bank, their roots now among the more reliable indicators that a bank once stood. The external fosse, the defensive ditch encircling the outside of the enclosure, retains reasonable dimensions, around six metres wide overall and over a metre deep, though it is waterlogged on the southern and western sides and has eroded on the outer edge to the west. The interior has been cleared at the edges but felled trees occupy the centre. A second ringfort sits approximately 180 metres to the north-northwest, suggesting this small area of Tipperary pasture once supported more than one early medieval household within close proximity.

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