Ringfort (Rath), Orchardstown, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
In a field at Orchardstown, Co. Tipperary, what was once a defended homestead has quietly become a fox covert.
That is the local name for it now, a thicket of scrub, nettles, and long grass dense enough to shelter wildlife, and the description is more accurate than most official designations. Underneath the overgrowth, however, the bones of an early medieval ringfort are still legible in the landscape.
A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and ditch, built primarily as a farmstead and sometimes as a status symbol during the early medieval period in Ireland. This one sits on a gentle north-east-facing slope in undulating pasture and measures approximately 28 metres across. Its defining bank survives in measurable form: around 3.2 metres wide at the crest, 6.6 metres at the base, and rising to an external height of roughly 0.74 metres. Those are modest but still readable dimensions, though the bank has been partially flattened, most noticeably in the northern quadrant, and in the south-west there is no longer any clear evidence of a bank at all. Thousands of ringforts once dotted the Irish countryside; many have been ploughed flat, built over, or simply eroded into invisibility. This one survives, after a fashion, by having become inconvenient enough to leave alone.
The vegetation that gives it its local nickname is also what makes it difficult to read on the ground. The northern, western, and southern edges are particularly badly overgrown, which means the clearest sense of the enclosure's shape comes not from walking its perimeter but from standing back. The slight rise of the bank against the surrounding pasture, where it has not been flattened, is easiest to pick out in low winter light when the scrub has thinned.