Ringfort (Rath), Lawlesstown, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Lawlesstown, Co. Tipperary

A ringfort sited on a steep south-facing slope is not the obvious choice for a settlement, yet whoever chose this hillside in Lawlesstown, County Tipperary, had their reasons.

The ground at the base of the hill is marshy, which may have offered a degree of natural defence, and the elevated position would have provided clear views across the undulating pasture below. The site sits a little awkwardly with the landscape rather than comfortably within it, and that slight strangeness is part of what makes it worth attention.

Ringforts, sometimes called raths, are enclosed farmsteads dating broadly from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. They typically consist of a circular area bounded by an earthen bank and sometimes a surrounding ditch, or fosse, and were the basic unit of rural settlement across Ireland for centuries. The Lawlesstown example is a modest but legible survivor: a roughly circular enclosure measuring approximately 49 metres north to south and 48 metres east to west, defined by a low scarp just under 0.7 metres high and a shallow outer fosse. The fosse is widest in the southern quadrant, where it reaches between 1.4 and 5.2 metres across, though it is quite shallow throughout, no more than 0.12 metres deep. The interior follows the natural gradient and slopes steeply downward to the south, giving the whole structure an uneven, tilted quality that is unusual. A second enclosure was formerly visible around 120 metres to the south-west, suggesting this was once a more populated corner of the landscape. There has been some limited quarrying into the scarp in the southern quadrant, and a field boundary immediately south of the ringfort has been removed at some point, both small losses that have altered the immediate setting.

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