Ringfort (Rath), Ballynacloona, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynacloona, Co. Tipperary

A low circular earthwork on the crest of a flat-topped hill in County Tipperary, this rath sits quietly in pasture, largely unchanged in its essential form since early medieval farmers enclosed it with bank, fosse, and outer bank.

A ringfort of this type, a rath, is a circular enclosure defended by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a farmstead and place of protection during the first millennium AD. There are tens of thousands of them across Ireland, but each has its own particular character, and this one repays close attention.

The enclosure is roughly circular, measuring around twenty-five metres north to south and just under twenty-four metres east to west. The defences are layered: an inner bank, a flat-bottomed fosse (the technical term for the surrounding ditch, here between three-quarters of a metre and just over a metre deep), and an outer bank beyond that. The outer bank is notably wide, ranging from just over five metres to nearly eight metres across, and its construction is not simply piled earth. Large stones protrude from its surface, especially on the north and west sides, and a sandstone upright boulder roughly ninety centimetres high stands in the western sector. The entrance is clearly preserved in the northern quadrant, with a gap of about two metres through the inner bank and just over three metres through the outer. On the eastern side, a separate gap in the outer bank is framed by two boulders, giving it a deliberate, almost formal quality. Mature oak trees have established themselves on the banks and two more grow within the interior, their roots working their way through centuries of accumulated earth and stone. A modern field boundary follows the outer eastern edge, a reminder that agricultural life has simply continued around the monument rather than displacing it.

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