Ringfort (Rath), Shanrahan, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
Half of this ringfort has simply vanished.
What was once an oval enclosure roughly 32 metres north to south and 37 metres east to west, recorded in full on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1840, had lost its entire northern half to levelling by the time the second edition was surveyed in 1907. In less than seventy years, agriculture or land improvement quietly erased one side of a monument that had likely stood for well over a thousand years.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads of the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more circular or oval earthen banks with an accompanying ditch. They are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, yet that familiarity has not always protected them from gradual destruction. The surviving southern half of the Shanrahan example sits on a gentle north-west-facing slope in undulating pastureland, its presence now marked by a broad, flattened bank measuring about 7.2 metres wide, with an internal height of roughly half a metre. A very slight external dip in the ground may indicate the former position of a fosse, the shallow ditch that would originally have ringed the outer edge of the bank. The dimensions of what remains, around 25.6 metres east to west and 14.4 metres north to south, give some sense of the enclosure's original scale, though the full oval can now only be reconstructed by reading the two maps together.
What makes this site quietly instructive is precisely that loss. The gap between the 1840 and 1907 surveys captures a moment of irreversible change, the kind that went largely unrecorded across rural Ireland during the agricultural intensification of the nineteenth century. The southern arc of bank that survives in the pasture at Shanrahan is low and easily overlooked, but it represents what remained when someone, at some point between those two surveys, decided the northern half of the field was more useful flat.