Ringfort (Rath), Annesgift, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
A ringfort with three concentric earthwork rings is already unusual; most of the thousands of raths scattered across Ireland have just one.
The example on Annesgift Estate in County Tipperary takes that rarity a step further, because at some later point in its life somebody planted it with mature beech trees, effectively converting a prehistoric enclosure into an ornamental tree-ring. The two functions, defensive earthwork and designed landscape feature, sit awkwardly together, and the result is a monument that has been simultaneously preserved and reshaped by the hand that decided to tidy it up.
The fort is roughly circular, measuring 52 metres north to south and 51 metres east to west, and its three rings follow the standard pattern of a trivallate ringfort: a bank, then a fosse (a dug ditch), then another bank, then another fosse, then an outer bank. A ringfort of this type would originally have served as an enclosed farmstead, probably of some status, during the early medieval period. What survives here is fairly legible, though not uniform. The innermost bank reaches an external height of nearly three and a half metres in places, while the outer earthworks are more worn, and on the southern and south-western sides the outer bank and its accompanying fosse have all but disappeared from view. In the north-western quadrant there is a causeway, roughly 2.8 metres wide, crossing the inner fosse, yet there is no corresponding gap in either the inner or the outer bank to suggest a formal entrance ever existed at that point. In the south-east, the outer bank has merged with a later field boundary and pushed outward to form an odd triangular projection, a reminder of how working farmland tends to absorb and adapt whatever is already in the ground.