Pit-burial, Ballyknock, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Burial Sites
Beneath a field boundary at Ballyknock, Co. Tipperary, road builders found something that pre-dates the oldest written records of Ireland by more than a thousand years.
A small pit, just 43 centimetres across and 38 centimetres deep, held the cremated remains of a person who died somewhere between 2940 and 1610 BC. The pit was modest in every physical sense, yet its presence under a later field boundary suggests a landscape that was already being divided, farmed, and buried in long before anyone recorded the fact.
The find came to light during archaeological excavation along the route of the N8 Cashel bypass. Excavators recorded frequent inclusions of burnt bone and charcoal within the pit, the typical signature of Bronze Age cremation burial, in which the body was burned on a pyre and the remains placed in a pit, sometimes with grave goods, sometimes without any accompaniment at all. A radiocarbon date of 3460 plus or minus 70 BP was obtained for the material, calibrating to the broad range of 2940 to 1610 cal. BC. That range spans what archaeologists call the transition from the Late Neolithic into the Early and Middle Bronze Age, a period when cremation was a common but not universal funerary practice across Ireland. The work was documented by McKinstry in 2004 and by Fairburn in 2006, as part of the wider programme of research that accompanied the road scheme.