Enclosure (Large), Cartron, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Enclosures
A large oval enclosure sits in reclaimed grassland near Cartron in County Westmeath, about 170 metres south-east of the Royal Canal, and it managed to escape the attention of Ordnance Survey mapmakers on two separate occasions, appearing on neither the 1837 six-inch edition nor the revised 25-inch edition of 1913.
That absence from the historical record is itself a quiet puzzle, given that the monument is substantial enough to measure roughly 90 metres along its north-west to south-east axis and approximately 68 metres across.
The enclosure only entered the archaeological record in 1973, when aerial photography revealed not just the oval outline but a surprisingly organised interior. Within the enclosure, surveyors identified seven distinct earthworks: three roughly square-shaped mounds arranged closely together and slightly off-centre towards the south-east, and four oblong, roughly rectangular mounds positioned towards the south-west, north-west, north, and east. The combination of an enclosing boundary with internal mounded features is a pattern seen across Irish prehistory and the early medieval period, where enclosures could serve purposes ranging from settlement and farming to ritual or funerary use. Without excavation, the function of this particular example remains open. What the aerial photograph does confirm is that the earthworks are not random; their arrangement suggests deliberate planning. The site is still visible on modern satellite imagery, which is how it continues to be studied in the absence of ground investigation.