Ringfort (Rath), Charlestown, Co. Roscommon

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Charlestown, Co. Roscommon

In a commercial conifer plantation near Charlestown in County Roscommon, the trees stop in a perfect circle.

The foresters planted around it, whether out of custom, superstition, or practical instruction, and the result is a roughly fifty-metre disc of overgrown ground left entirely to itself while the spruce closed in on all sides. That circle is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, and the gap in the canopy is one of the more quietly legible signs of how deeply these monuments shaped the Irish landscape, and how persistently they have resisted being absorbed into it.

A rath is an enclosed farmstead, typically dating from the early medieval period, defined by one or more earthen banks thrown up around a habitation area. This one sits on a gentle south-east-facing slope in a broad loop of the River Shannon, with the river running both to the south-west and to the north-east at distances of roughly 550 metres and 330 metres respectively, suggesting the site occupies a tongue of land partly encircled by water. The enclosing bank survives to an external height of between 1.4 and 2 metres, with an internal height of only 0.4 to 1 metre, indicating that the ground level inside the enclosure has dropped or that material was thrown outward when the bank was raised. The bank itself is between five and six metres wide. Unlike many examples, this rath shows no recognisable fosse, the external ditch that typically accompanied such earthworks, nor any surviving trace of an original entrance gap.

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Pete F
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