Ringfort (Rath), Killydrutan, Co. Monaghan
Co. Monaghan |
Ringforts
In the coniferous plantations of Killydrutan, a small circular clearing breaks the regularity of the trees, and that break is not accidental.
The clearing marks a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead built across Ireland from roughly the early medieval period, when landowners defined their homesteads with earthen banks and ditches rather than walls of stone. What makes this particular example quietly odd is the relationship between the trees and the archaeology: the fort itself was planted with conifers in 1968, a common enough fate for upland earthworks during Ireland's mid-century afforestation programmes. By 2013 the interior had been cleared again, leaving the fort standing unplanted within a surrounding forest, a circular absence in a sea of timber.
The structure itself is a bivallate rath, meaning it has two concentric banks rather than the single bank more commonly encountered. The inner bank encloses a roughly circular area about 29 metres across, though the western and northern sections of that bank have been removed at some point, leaving only the south-eastern arc intact. Between the inner and outer banks lies a rounded fosse, a drainage ditch, reaching over a metre deep in places and nearly nine metres wide at the top. The outer bank survives complete, rising to about half a metre at the north-east and climbing to a more substantial 1.5 metres at the south-west. A formal entrance cuts through both banks at the south-east, with causeways across the fosse; the inner causeway top measures roughly 2.8 metres wide, which gives a sense of the deliberate, engineered quality of the original construction. The whole fort sits at the northern edge of a broad hill, a position that would have offered useful outlook over the surrounding landscape.