Ringfort (Rath), Loughturk, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Loughturk, Co. Galway

Two ringforts within 90 metres of each other is not the most common arrangement in the Irish landscape.

Most survive alone, the remnant of a single early medieval farmstead, so finding a pair in such close proximity at Loughturk raises quiet questions about who once lived here and how the two enclosures related to one another.

This particular example is a rath, the term used for an earthen ringfort, roughly subcircular in plan and measuring 41 metres north to south and 31 metres east to west. It is defined by two banks with a fosse between them, a fosse being a cut ditch, the earth from which was typically thrown outward to form the banks on either side. The enclosure survives in fair condition, with the fosse and outer bank most legible along the northern arc, from the northwest around through to the northeast. On the eastern side there is a gap some three metres wide that may represent the original entrance, the point through which livestock were driven and people passed in and out of the enclosed farmyard. Raths of this kind date broadly to the early medieval period, roughly the sixth to twelfth centuries, and would once have contained timber or wattle buildings within their interior. The nearby ringfort to the northeast, recorded separately, means this townland once supported at least two such enclosed settlements within a short distance of each other, a pairing that may reflect family or community ties, or simply the gradual subdivision of land across generations.

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