Ringfort (Rath), Newtowneyre, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
Sitting on a rise above the undulating grassland of east Galway, this double-banked enclosure has been quietly holding its shape for well over a thousand years.
What sets it apart from the more common single-bank ringforts scattered across the Irish countryside is that extra ring of effort: a second earthen bank, separated from the inner one by a fosse, the term for a purpose-cut ditch. A ringfort, or rath, was typically a farmstead of the early medieval period, roughly 500 to 1000 AD, its enclosing banks serving as a boundary marker and a means of keeping livestock in and wolves or rival neighbours out. The double-bank arrangement here signals something a little more considered, whether in terms of defence, status, or simply a landowner with the labour to spare.
The enclosure measures 37 metres in diameter, and the inner bank survives all the way around, still reading clearly in the field despite centuries of weathering. On the south-south-eastern side there is a possible entrance gap, the point where a wooden gate or causeway would once have given access to the interior. The outer bank and fosse survive from that same south-south-eastern arc, running west and around to the north, though they have been reduced or lost on the eastern side. The measurements recorded give a sense of how modest but deliberate these features are: the inner bank stands around a metre above the surrounding ground on the outside, and the outer bank, though lower, still traces its course well enough to follow on foot. Trees have taken root along the inner bank and down into the fosse, which gives the site a somewhat overgrown character and makes the detail harder to read at first glance, though the overall form of the double ring emerges clearly once you are looking for it.