Ringfort (Rath), Ardmore, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ardmore, Co. Cork

Beneath the fairways of a golf course in Ardmore, County Cork, an early medieval farmstead has effectively ceased to exist above ground.

The site is recorded as a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was the most common form of rural settlement in Ireland from roughly the sixth to the twelfth century. These were enclosed homesteads, typically surrounded by one or more earthen banks and ditches, where a farming family and their livestock would have lived. This particular example has left no visible surface trace whatsoever, meaning the landscape gives nothing away.

What survives is cartographic rather than physical. The Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842 shows a hachured, roughly circular enclosure on a north-northwest-facing slope, measuring approximately fifty metres on its northeast to southwest axis and around forty metres northwest to southeast. Those dimensions are consistent with a modest but typical ringfort. By the time the site entered the archaeological record in any detail, the earthworks had already been flattened, absorbed into the managed turf of the golf course with no mound, bank, or hollow to mark where the enclosure once stood. The 1842 mapping is, in effect, the last reliable witness.

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