Ringfort (Rath), Ballyveelick, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyveelick, Co. Cork

Tucked into a north-west-facing slope in North Cork, just below the crest of a ridge, a roughly circular earthwork sits in open pasture with a quiet air of accumulated purpose.

What makes it unusual is not the ringfort itself, common enough across Ireland as the remains of early medieval farmsteads typically dating from around 500 to 1000 AD, but the evidence of how later generations helped themselves to it. The enclosing bank has been partially dismantled and replaced with dry stone walling to the west, the ground near a break in the north-west has been quarried or dug into, and lodged into the bank to the south-south-west are the remains of a lime kiln, a small industrial structure once used to burn limestone and produce agricultural lime, here surviving as a subrectangular earthwork that pokes awkwardly into the interior.

The site is nearly circular, measuring 49 metres north to south and 48 metres east to west, enclosed by an earthen bank that still stands up to 1.2 metres high on the interior side and 1.6 metres on the exterior. A fosse, or ditch, runs around the outside from the south-east to the west-south-west, deeper in places than the shallow trace it leaves elsewhere around the circuit. Mature deciduous trees now line the bank, lending the enclosure a rounded, wooded outline visible from a distance, but the 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map records the interior itself as planted with trees, suggesting the whole space was put to different use in the nineteenth century. The lime kiln embedded in the bank tells a similar story: at some point, probably during the agricultural improvement era of the eighteenth or nineteenth century, the ancient earthwork became a convenient ready-made structure from which to scavenge material or into which to build new industrial infrastructure.

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