Ringfort (Rath), Quartertown, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
At Quartertown in north Cork, a stretch of ordinary farmland pasture holds the faint outline of an early medieval enclosure that has been quietly absorbed into the field system around it.
The site is a rath, a type of ringfort consisting of a roughly circular area enclosed by an earthen bank and outer ditch, which served as a farmstead and defended residence during the early medieval period in Ireland. What makes this one worth a second look is the way the landscape itself does part of the work: the ground drops sharply on the north-western side of the enclosure, and that natural fall of terrain was almost certainly chosen by whoever built here precisely because it reinforced the man-made defences.
The enclosure measures approximately 31 metres north to south and 31.5 metres east to west, making it a modest but reasonably typical example of its class. It was already recognisable as a hachured circular feature on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, where it sat at the junction of four fields, suggesting the field boundaries of the time respected its presence. By the 1905 revision, only an arc of the enclosure from south to north remained legible as a distinct feature; the rest had been absorbed into or replaced by the surrounding field fences. Aerial photography has since recovered something of what was lost on the ground, with the south-to-west arc showing up as a cropmark of both the bank and the external fosse, the shallow ditch that would have run around the outside of the earthwork. Cropmarks of this kind appear when buried or levelled features affect moisture retention in the soil above them, causing variations in crop growth that are visible from the air but invisible at ground level.