Ringfort (Rath), Garrane, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
What makes this ringfort quietly compelling is not its size or drama but its honesty.
Sitting on a north-facing slope in pasture at Garrane, it has been added to, pushed about, and generally absorbed into the working life of the land around it. The oval enclosure, roughly 33 metres east to west and 24.5 metres north to south, is defined by an earthen bank with a stone facing, standing about a metre high on the interior and nearly two metres on the exterior. Large boulders and loose stones, cleared from surrounding fields over the years, have been dumped onto the bank, and on the western side the bank itself has been shoved inward by the same process. A gap of two metres in the southern bank and a narrower cattle gap to the east confirm that the enclosure has long since been put to agricultural use.
A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure of earthen or stone banks, built primarily during the early medieval period in Ireland as a farmstead, a place where a family and their livestock could shelter within a defended boundary. What elevates this particular example above the ordinary is the survival of two hut sites inside the enclosure, positioned south of centre. The more westerly of the two is roughly circular, measuring about 4.8 by 4.4 metres, and is defined by a contiguous line of upright stones, the tallest reaching 0.65 metres, with an earthen bank backing the upslope southern side and an entrance just under a metre wide facing north-north-east. Immediately to its east sits a second, slightly smaller hut site, similarly defined by upright stones, several of which are large slabs set on their ends. The builders of the interior also had to contend with the hillslope itself; the northern side of the enclosure has been deliberately raised to level out the ground within. Just outside the north-north-west wall of the western hut site, there is a possible souterrain, an underground passage or chamber often associated with storage or refuge in early medieval settlements, though it remains unexcavated.