Ringfort (Rath), Cloghboola More, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloghboola More, Co. Cork

Some places disappear from the landscape while remaining stubbornly present in it.

At Cloghboola More in County Cork, a ringfort that had endured for perhaps a thousand years or more was levelled around 1984, yet the ground still betrays it. A faint circular rise, roughly forty metres across, traces what was once a double-banked enclosure, and aerial photography has revealed something the naked eye can miss entirely: two concentric light bands in the cropmark, the ghost of the fort printed into the soil by centuries of different growth and drainage patterns.

Ringforts, also known as raths, were the standard farmstead enclosure of early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of one or more earthen banks and ditches surrounding a domestic interior. The double-banked variety was considered a mark of some status. This particular example was recorded faithfully on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps in 1842, 1904, and 1938, suggesting it survived more or less intact through generations of farming before its removal in the 1980s. A writer named Broker, recording observations in 1937, noted that the farm held three forts of average size, all with double fences, which suggests this was once a small cluster of contemporary or successive enclosures rather than an isolated site. A second ringfort in an adjoining field has also been levelled. Beneath the interior of this fort there may be a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage that would have served early medieval occupants as storage or a place of refuge, though it has not been excavated.

The site sits on a north-east-facing slope in pasture, and there is little visible above ground beyond that low, circular swell in the field. Visitors with an eye for subtle landform, or those who have first studied the aerial cropmark evidence, will find it easier to read the outline than those who arrive without context.

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