Ringfort (Rath), Cloghboola Beg, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
On a steep north-west-facing slope in Cloghboola Beg, a roughly circular earthen enclosure sits quietly in pasture, looking out over a stream below.
It is the kind of place that most walkers would pass without a second glance, reading it as a slight rise in the ground or an oddly curved field boundary, yet the earthworks here represent a form of settlement that was once common across the Irish countryside and is now steadily disappearing.
The enclosure is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the type of defended farmstead that dotted rural Ireland from the early medieval period onward, typically the residence of a single farming family of some local standing. This example measures around 35 metres in diameter, defined by an earthen bank that still stands to about 1.6 metres on its interior face. A fosse, the external ditch that would originally have reinforced the bank, survives for a short stretch to the north-north-east, and there are faint depressions on the eastern and southern sides where the outer works have partly silted in. The entrance, to the north-north-east, is still readable at roughly four metres wide. Because the site sits on a pronounced slope, the interior has been built up on the north-west and west sides to create a more level platform, a practical adjustment that also helps explain why the bank reads differently depending on which side you approach from. The north-west portion of the bank has been absorbed into the modern field fence system, which is a common fate for these structures. More significantly, a source from 1937 records that the ringfort once had a double bank, but that the outer one was demolished around 1885 by a local man named Hugh Kelliher. That detail, preserved almost by accident in a mid-twentieth-century reference, is a reminder of how much was lost during the agricultural improvements of the nineteenth century, when ancient earthworks were routinely levelled without record.