Ringfort (Rath), Ballynaraha, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynaraha, Co. Cork

Beneath a Mid Cork pasture, a ringfort has almost entirely disappeared back into the earth.

Almost, but not quite. A slight rise in the ground still marks where an earthen enclosure once stood, the kind of low, circular prominence that most people would walk across without a second thought. It is precisely this near-invisibility that makes the site quietly compelling.

A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed settlement of the early medieval period, typically formed by one or more earthen banks and ditches surrounding a domestic area. They were the most common form of rural habitation in Ireland between roughly the sixth and tenth centuries, and County Cork has thousands of them. The Ballynaraha example was recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, where it appeared as a hachured, roughly circular enclosure of approximately forty metres across. By 1939, when P. J. Hartnett visited and wrote about it, the fort was still clearly traceable and measured about fifty yards in diameter. At some point after that, the earthworks were levelled, most likely by agricultural clearance, reducing a feature that had survived well over a millennium to little more than a gentle swell in a field.

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Pete F
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