Ringfort (Rath), Maytown, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Maytown, Co. Cork

In a field under tillage on a north-north-east-facing slope in Maytown, County Cork, a roughly circular earthen enclosure sits largely forgotten among bracken and briars.

It measures approximately 29 metres north to south and 26.5 metres east to west, and its enclosing bank still rises to a height of 2.6 metres, which is a substantial presence for a structure that most people passing nearby would never think to look for.

This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort built from earth rather than stone. Ringforts were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, roughly from the fifth to the twelfth century, and many thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation. They functioned primarily as enclosed farmsteads, the bank offering a degree of protection for livestock and household alike. The earthen bank at Maytown, still standing at well over two metres, suggests the enclosure has not been dramatically disturbed, which makes it relatively intact by the standards of a landscape that has seen centuries of agriculture. The fact that it sits within cultivated ground, yet has persisted, speaks to how deeply these structures can embed themselves into a field's topography even as the land around them is worked season after season.

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