Enclosure, Tooreena, Co. Galway

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Tooreena, Co. Galway

Beneath the surface of a bog-filled hollow in Tooreena, County Galway, lies the ghostly outline of a circular enclosure that was only ever glimpsed by accident.

When turf cutters working the bog broke through to it, they found a structure roughly thirty metres across, its perimeter defined by upright wooden hazel posts and a central area of wicker matting laid flat against the ground. The matting was destroyed before its significance could be properly recorded, but portions of the post-defined boundary survived, preserved within a turf bank, held in the airless, acidic conditions that make Irish bogland such an unlikely but effective archive of ancient organic material.

Enclosures of this kind, built from timber and woven wood rather than the stone or earthen banks more familiar from the Irish archaeological landscape, rarely survive above ground at all. Waterlogged bog conditions can preserve organic material for thousands of years, which is why the hazel posts and wicker survived long enough to be found in the first place. The circular form and the use of wicker suggest a deliberate, probably enclosed space, though without excavation it is impossible to say whether it served a domestic, agricultural, or ritual purpose. The site sits in a hollow overlooked by low ridges to the east and west, a sheltered position that may itself have influenced where and why it was built. The details were recorded by M. Gibbons and later compiled by Paul Gosling in the Archaeological Inventory of County Galway, published in 1993, but the site itself was never formally visited by surveyors, which means what little is known rests on the account of those who first uncovered it.

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