Megalithic tomb - wedge tomb, An Chathair Aird, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Megalithic Tombs
Near the summit of Caherard Hill on the Dingle Peninsula, a prehistoric tomb sits in the open air with a view that spans Brandon Mountain to the north-east, the Iveragh ranges to the south, and Mount Eagle and Croaghmarhin to the west.
The tomb's Irish name, Leaba an Fhir Mhuimhnigh, translates roughly as "the bed of the Munster man", which is the kind of quietly peculiar local naming that tends to accumulate around ancient structures when their original purpose has long been forgotten. What makes this particular site worth attention is not just its age but its state of preservation and the precision of its construction, still legible after several thousand years on a windswept hillside.
The tomb belongs to the wedge type, the most numerous category of megalithic monument in Ireland, typically dating from the late Neolithic into the early Bronze Age. The defining characteristic is a gallery that narrows and lowers from one end to the other, and this example follows that pattern closely. The gallery runs east to west, measuring 4 metres in length, 1.2 metres wide at the open western entrance and tapering slightly to 1.1 metres at the eastern end. Three overlapping roofstones cover it, and the interior height drops from 1 metre at the entrance to 0.6 metres at the backstone, giving the interior a pronounced sense of compression. Ten upright stones, known as orthostats, form the side-walls, five on each side, decreasing in height from west to east. At the western end, two low stones set just inside the wall lines appear to represent a short portico, a kind of threshold feature. The eastern end is sealed by a single slab. An outer wall runs along both flanks, with some of its stones extending slightly beyond the eastern end of the tomb, and a second stone on the northern side may have functioned as a buttress. One stone on the southern side has collapsed, leaving the westernmost roofstone slightly tilted, but the overall structure remains remarkably coherent. Faint traces of a low earthen mound survive around the gallery, rising no more than 25 centimetres above the surrounding ground. The monument was documented in detail by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Dingle Peninsula archaeological survey, and earlier by Ruaidhrí de Valera and Seán Ó Nualláin in their 1982 survey of megalithic tombs across Munster.
The tomb sits on fairly level ground close to the hill's summit, which accounts for the panoramic outlook in almost every direction. Approaching from below, the structure becomes visible against the sky before much else does, a low profile of stone on open ground, orientated so that its entrance faces the setting sun across the Atlantic horizon.