Bleach Mills, Bleachgreen, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Mills
A place called Bleachgreen sits quietly a mile north of Kilkenny city, on the bank of the River Nore, and the ground beneath it has been put to industrial use for at least four centuries.
What makes it quietly curious is the layering of industries the name itself preserves, each one superseding the last while leaving the underlying geography unchanged.
The earliest written record of a mill at this spot comes from the Civil Survey of 1654, a great Cromwellian-era land census commissioned to catalogue Irish property in the wake of military conquest. The survey describes a structure called the Priest Mill, noted as a corn mill with stone walls and a slate roof, located a mile from the city northward upon the River Neor, the old spelling of the Nore. By the time the first Ordnance Survey six-inch maps were drawn up in 1839 to 1840, the site had reinvented itself entirely; it now appears as the Bleach Mills, reflecting the linen-finishing industry that had spread widely through Ireland during the eighteenth century. Bleaching greens were open fields where linen cloth was laid out in water and sunlight to whiten, typically sited beside rivers for exactly the water access the Nore provided. A later revision of the Ordnance Survey map, produced in 1945 to 1946, records the same location under yet another name, the Woollen Mills, suggesting the site shifted trades again as the textile economy changed across the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Whether the original mill fabric survived any of these transitions is uncertain, but the logic of the location, a reliable river, proximity to a city, a natural fall of water, remained constant through each reinvention.
