Convoy Enterprise Centre, Riverview Terrace, Convoy, Co. Donegal
Co. Donegal |
Mills
Near the centre of Convoy, on the north bank of the Deele River, a square Italianate tower still rises over a sprawl of rendered mill buildings, its red brick faces marked in five stages by stringcourses and round-headed recesses.
Below the eaves on the north side, recessed lettering still spells out Convoy Woollen Company Limited, a plain statement of ownership that has outlasted the company itself by decades. The tower's form, with its shallow hipped roof, bracketed ashlar cornice and round-headed openings, echoes the towers built onto the cotton mills of Lancashire and Yorkshire during the Victorian era, an odd transplant of northern English industrial grandeur onto a Donegal riverbank.
The site had been milling in some form long before 1883, when the woollen mill proper was built. Ordnance Survey mapping from 1837 already shows a flax and tuck mill and a corn mill here, and textile production is documented on the site as far back as 1803. But it was the 1883 mill, and the two major building campaigns that followed, that gave Convoy the complex now standing. By the late 1880s it employed over 40 people; by 1894, according to Slater's Directory, that figure had risen past 100, with 20 looms and 1,000 spindles turning out tweeds, friezes, blankets and shawls under manager James J. Browne and managing director John S. Weir. Prosperity brought expansion: in 1905 the mill was enlarged at a cost of £8,108 to designs by Matthew Alexander Robinson, a Derry architect and engineer, with Belfast firm H. Laverty & Sons as contractor. A second campaign in 1911-12, designed by Robinson's brother James, working with John Adam Davidson, added the wool stores, a secretary's house, a finishing room, a dye house and a water tower for sprinklers, and it is largely this early twentieth-century fabric that survives today, including the rubble stone former boiler house east of the tower, with its red brick trim and full-height round-headed windows. At its peak the mill reputedly employed 400 people, and after independence it became a major supplier to the Irish military, providing tens of thousands of yards of serge, whipcord and shirting in the late 1920s alone. This was part of a broader wave of factory and craft enterprise across Donegal in this period, alongside the carpet factory at Killybegs, a shirt factory in Letterkenny and the county's lace schools.
The mill declined after the Second World War and closed in the mid-1980s, a serious blow to a place where it had been one of the principal employers. It stood disused through the 1980s and into the 1990s before reopening as an enterprise centre, now home to commercial, retail and craft premises and a café, including in the former wool store to the east, a red brick building with English Garden Bond brickwork. Much of the mill's original character survives despite later extensions and alterations, among them natural slate roofing, early steel-framed windows with pivoting lights, and a sliding timber door on iron wheels still fitted to a carriage arch on the east face. The cast-iron gate posts and wrought-iron gates at the north entrance, with their acorn finials, and the railed enclosure of mature trees to the north-west, remain part of the setting.