Ecclesiastical enclosure, Rosahane, Co. Wicklow

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Ecclesiastical Sites

Ecclesiastical enclosure, Rosahane, Co. Wicklow

In the managed forestry of Rosahane in County Wicklow, a roughly oval boundary wall sits on flat ground, enclosing a space that was once organised around Christian worship.

The enclosure is not especially dramatic to look at, but its proportions, approximately 74 metres east to west and 76 metres north to south, are large enough to suggest this was a site of some significance in the early Irish Church. Ecclesiastical enclosures of this kind, circular or oval banks that once defined the sacred precinct of an early medieval monastery or church settlement, are found throughout Ireland, and their shape alone can often mark them out as older than the rectangular boundaries that came with later medieval and post-medieval land use.

The boundary here is formed from a rubble bank of large slabs and blocks, reaching up to four metres wide and between one and one and a half metres high in places. The northern side retains drystone facing, which is the technique of laying stones without mortar so that they interlock and support one another, and this survival gives a clearer sense of the original construction method. On the south-eastern side, there is a gap of around two and a half metres that may represent the original entrance to the enclosure, though modern access now comes through a later extension in the same area. The remains of the church itself lie on the south-western side of the interior, tucked into the enclosure rather than placed at its centre, which is a common arrangement in early Irish ecclesiastical sites where ancillary structures, graves, and other features would have occupied the surrounding ground.

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