Embanked enclosure, Carrownaknockaun, Co. Roscommon

Co. Roscommon |

Ringforts

Embanked enclosure, Carrownaknockaun, Co. Roscommon

On the crest of a low east-west ridge in Carrownaknockaun, County Roscommon, sits a circular earthwork with no visible entrance and no visible fosse, the ditch that typically surrounds such enclosures.

Whatever passed in and out of this place did so in ways that have left no obvious trace. The enclosure measures roughly 38 metres north to south and 36.5 metres east to west, its perimeter formed by an overgrown earthen bank that varies considerably in scale as you move around it. At the northern arc the bank is modest, barely a metre high on its outer face, but by the western side it rises to an external height of 3.4 metres and a width of 7 metres, giving that portion of the circuit something closer to the presence of a rampart. Along the top of this bank, a drystone wall has been added at some point, sitting on the older earthwork like a later afterthought.

The internal feature is what makes the site genuinely puzzling. Tucked inside the perimeter at the south-east is a souterrain, an artificially constructed underground passage or chamber, typically built from dry-laid stone and associated in Ireland with early medieval settlement, most commonly ringforts. Souterrains were used for storage, refuge, or both, and their presence usually points to sustained occupation of a site. Here, though, the relationship between the underground passage and the enclosure above it is not straightforward. The enclosure itself is classified as an embanked type rather than a standard ringfort, a distinction that matters because the proportions and construction differ from the more familiar raised-platform form. The asymmetry of the bank, so much more pronounced on the west than the north, adds to the sense that this was a site shaped by specific local concerns rather than a generic template.

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Pete F
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