Enclosure, Attyjames, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
At ground level, the earthwork at Attyjames looks like little more than a grassy rise and a slight depression in a pasture field.
Walk around it, though, and a more deliberate shape begins to emerge: a sub-circular enclosure roughly 34 metres north to south and 37 metres east to west, defined by an earthen bank and a fosse, the term used for the ditch that was typically cut to help construct and reinforce such a bank. What makes this site quietly odd is how unevenly it has survived. On one arc, the outer face of the bank still stands to around 2.25 metres; on another, the same feature has been absorbed into an ordinary field boundary and is barely distinguishable from it. The fosse itself, once deep-cut with a basal width of 2.5 metres, has been in-filled and is now only faintly legible as a shallow trough.
Enclosures of this kind are common across Tipperary and the wider Irish midlands, and they tend to date from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, when ringforts served as the basic unit of rural settlement. Whether this example functioned as a defended farmstead, a cattle enclosure, or something with a more ceremonial purpose is unclear without excavation. What aerial photography has added is a further layer of mystery: an Air Corps photograph identified a circular feature approximately ten metres in diameter within the centre of the interior, a shape that suggests a structure, a pit, or some other deliberate intervention. That feature is entirely invisible at ground level, absorbed into the flat, level interior that is now grazed like any other field. The land falls away gently to the north and north-east toward the Lingaun River, and it is likely that proximity to that watercourse was a factor in why someone chose this particular spot, whenever that choice was made.