Enclosure, Ballinglanna, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
What makes this site in Ballinglanna quietly unusual is the way its builders thought about the land itself.
Rather than constructing a uniform perimeter, whoever shaped this large oval enclosure folded a natural cliff edge into their design, letting the precipice do much of the defensive or defining work along the eastern side, while adding earthworks where the landscape offered no such shortcut. The result is an enclosure that is partly engineered and partly geological, the two so thoroughly merged that it is difficult to say where deliberate construction ends and the natural slope begins.
The enclosure is substantial: roughly 103 metres north to south and 55.5 metres east to west at its widest, though it tapers sharply to just 14 metres at the southern end. The northern, eastern, and south-eastern sides are defined by a curvilinear scarp, a berm (a flat ledge sitting between the scarp and the drop), and the natural counter-scarp of the precipice itself, which at its highest reaches 3.2 metres. The western side retains the remains of a levelled bank. Internally, the space is not simply open ground. A moated site, a type of medieval enclosed platform typically surrounded by a water-filled ditch and associated with manorial settlement, sits within the north-western angle. Around it, the interior is divided into several distinct areas: a D-shaped zone in the north-east corner, a large rectangular area of around 57 by 44 metres to the south of the moated site, and a smaller rectangular area beyond that. Scarps, fosses, and levelled banks mark these subdivisions, and the ground within the main rectangular zone slopes eastward toward the valley below. A field boundary running roughly east-north-east to west-south-west cuts across the interior, suggesting later agricultural activity has modified at least part of what was already a layered and complex landscape. The whole arrangement was identified and mapped from an aerial photograph taken in September 2002.