Enclosure, Ballinlough, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
On the upper edge of a natural scarp above the flood plain of the Multeen River in County Tipperary, a low oval earthwork sits in improved pasture, quietly persisting in a landscape that has done its best to forget it.
The surrounding field has been modernised, a fosse that once appeared on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map has been backfilled, and cattle have eroded the southern arc of the monument, yet the enclosure itself still holds its shape well enough to measure and to read.
The earthwork is roughly oval, stretching 38 metres north to south and 34 metres east to west. An enclosure of this type, a roughly circular or oval area defined by a bank and sometimes a fosse, the ditch that runs alongside it, is a familiar form in the Irish countryside, associated variously with early medieval settlement, ritual use, or stock management, though without excavation it is rarely possible to say which function applied in any given case. Here the enclosing elements survive in different conditions depending on where you look. To the north-west and east-south-east, the remains of a levelled bank are still traceable, nearly ten metres wide overall at its base, though reduced to under half a metre in internal height. To the south-east and north-west, a steep natural scarp, over three metres high externally, does much of the enclosing work in place of an earthen bank. A gap of about five metres on the east-south-east side marks the original entrance. Inside, the ground is dish-shaped, the characteristic hollow of a long-settled interior, and it is thick with tall thistles. A whitethorn hedgerow follows the southern arc of the enclosing elements, and the modern field boundary, rather than cutting across the monument, veers to respect it, running parallel some five metres away. That small act of accommodation, possibly unconscious, is often the only reason earthworks like this survive at all.