Enclosure, Ballynalina, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballynalina, Co. Kilkenny

Beneath a ploughed field in Ballynalina, County Kilkenny, a circular enclosure roughly thirty metres across lies completely invisible to anyone walking the surface.

The only way to see it is from above, and even then only under the right conditions. When crops grow unevenly over buried features, the differences in soil depth and moisture cause subtle variations in plant height and colour. These variations, known as cropmarks, can reveal the outlines of ditches and walls that were filled in or demolished centuries ago. This particular enclosure, defined by a fosse (a type of defensive or boundary ditch), was identified and reported by Jean-Charles Caillère after it appeared as a cropmark on satellite imagery.

What makes the site more interesting than its modest dimensions might suggest is its context. A closely similar enclosure sits approximately fifty metres to the south-west, and two ring-ditches, which are typically the buried remains of prehistoric funerary or ceremonial monuments, lie between two hundred and sixty and three hundred and thirty metres to the north-west. The clustering of these features across such a compact area points to a landscape that was marked out, used, and modified repeatedly over a long period. Whether the enclosures were settlement sites, stock enclosures, or something ceremonial is not known, and the ploughed ground above them offers no surface clues.

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