Enclosure, Ballynevin, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballynevin, Co. Tipperary

Beneath the fields of Ballynevin in County Tipperary, a circular ditch traces a ring roughly forty metres across, and the only way to see it is from the sky.

The enclosure is invisible at ground level, its defining feature, a fosse or ditch, long since filled and flattened by centuries of cultivation. What remains is a cropmark, the faint but readable signature that buried earthworks leave in growing vegetation when dry conditions cause soil above a ditch to retain more moisture than the surrounding ground, coaxing the crops above it into a slightly different colour or height. Spotted on satellite imagery and reported by Jean-Charles Caillère, this is a site that exists, for now, almost entirely as a shape in an image.

Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape, though their purposes varied considerably. Some were ringforts, the farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, their banks and ditches defining a domestic space for a family and their animals. Others enclosed burial grounds, ceremonial sites, or earlier prehistoric features. Without excavation, it is difficult to say which category this particular site belongs to, and its forty-metre diameter, while modest, falls within a range that could fit several types. What is clear is that the fosse, the defining ditch, was substantial enough to survive as a readable trace in the soil long after everything built above it has gone.

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