Enclosure, Ballynilard, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballynilard, Co. Tipperary

In the flat pasture of Ballynilard, a faint ridge in the ground traces the ghost of an enclosure that most people walking past would take for a natural wrinkle in the landscape.

The scarp, barely fifteen centimetres high in places, curves irregularly around the southern and eastern sides of an area roughly fifty-two metres across, and that curve is not accidental. It follows the kind of line water makes when it has spent centuries gnawing at earthworks, and indeed a river runs just eight metres to the south. What survives is less a monument than a memory of one, pressed almost flat into grazing land.

The site was identified during field survey by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly on 14 August 2010. An enclosure, in the archaeological sense, is simply a defined area bounded by a bank, ditch, or wall, and in Ireland such features can date from the prehistoric period through to the early medieval, serving purposes that ranged from settlement and farming to ritual use. This particular example is irregular in outline, measuring approximately fifty-two metres east to west and forty-six metres north to south. Along its northern edge, the boundary takes a straighter, more deliberate line for about fifty metres, where a shared fosse, a type of drainage or boundary ditch, connects it to a second enclosure immediately to the north. That fosse is around five and a half metres wide in total, though shallow, suggesting considerable silting or infilling over time. The two enclosures together form a conjoined pair, which may point to a relationship between them, whether functional or chronological, that fieldwork alone cannot resolve.

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