Enclosure, Ballysallagh, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballysallagh, Co. Westmeath

A road cuts through it, a field covers it, and most people who pass by have no idea anything is there.

On the boundary between two townlands in County Westmeath, a circular enclosure roughly 60 metres in diameter lies completely levelled beneath grassland, its existence revealed not by any visible earthwork but by a cropmark, that subtle discolouration in growing crops or grass caused by buried features affecting soil moisture and depth. The enclosure only became formally recorded after aerial imagery from a Digital Globe orthoimage taken between 2011 and 2013 made the circular outline legible from above, including the point at the north-west where a modern road intersects and cuts across what was once a continuous boundary.

The precise origins and function of the enclosure are not recorded, but circular enclosures of this scale in the Irish midlands are frequently associated with early medieval settlement, the class of site commonly known as a ringfort. A ringfort is simply a farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, the dominant form of rural habitation in Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. That this one sits on a townland boundary adds a small layer of interest, since boundaries themselves often follow or respect older features in the landscape. Close by, within a couple of hundred metres, lie two other recorded sites: Cromeen's Well to the east, a holy well, and an earthwork to the south-east, suggesting this particular patch of ground carries some depth of historical use even if most of it is now invisible at ground level.

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Pete F
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