Enclosure, Coolcroo, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Coolcroo, Co. Tipperary

At Coolcroo in County Tipperary, a low circular earthwork sits on a slight rise of rock outcrop, easy to walk past without a second glance.

What was once a defined enclosure, roughly twenty-five metres across from northwest to southeast, has been worn down over centuries to little more than a scarp, the remnant of an earth and stone bank now standing less than a metre high. On its western side, a gap in that bank may mark where an entrance once stood, though the feature is too degraded to say so with any confidence. A silage pit immediately to the south is a reminder of just how thoroughly working farmland can press against the archaeological record.

Circular enclosures of this kind are a common but still poorly understood feature of the Irish countryside. They may have served as ringforts, which were enclosed farmsteads typically built between the early medieval period and around the twelfth century, or they could belong to an earlier tradition of enclosure altogether. Without excavation, the Coolcroo example offers no firm date. What it does preserve, however faintly, is the outline of a deliberate human boundary imposed on this particular patch of slightly undulating north Tipperary ground. The site is recorded in the Archaeological Inventory of County Tipperary, compiled by Jean Farrelly and Caimin O'Brien and published in 2002, which documents hundreds of monuments across the county in varying states of survival. This one sits firmly at the more eroded end of that spectrum.

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