Enclosure, Cooltymurraghy, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Cooltymurraghy, Co. Galway

In a field in Cooltymurraghy, County Galway, a low rise in the farmland conceals what might once have been something considerably more substantial.

A series of disjointed earthen banks traces an irregular outline across the ground, roughly fifty metres along its north-west to south-east axis and around forty metres east to west. At the centre sits a small hummock with a noticeably flat summit, measuring just 6.5 metres by 4.7 metres, the kind of feature that catches the eye precisely because nature rarely produces such neat, level platforms on its own.

The site was recorded on the third edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, published in 1947, which mapped it as an irregularly shaped enclosure sitting immediately north of an east-west field boundary. An enclosure of this kind, defined by banks rather than walls, is a broad category in Irish archaeology, encompassing everything from early medieval farmsteads to the outer precincts of more complex settlements. What gives this particular example its quiet interest is what lies just the other side of that field boundary: a recorded castle site immediately to the south. The two features may well be associated, the enclosure potentially representing an outer boundary, a bawn-like perimeter, or an earlier phase of whatever settlement the castle later formalised. A bawn, in Irish fortification terms, refers to a walled or embanked enclosure adjoining a tower house, designed to protect livestock and provide a defensive outer yard. Whether the relationship here is that straightforward remains an open question, and the broken, disjointed nature of the surviving banks makes any firm reading of the site difficult from the surface alone.

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Pete F
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