Enclosure, Drum, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
On the high ground above Drum in North Tipperary, something is there and yet not there.
A circular enclosure, most likely a ringfort of early medieval date, shows clearly on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, surveyed around 1840. Stand on the same ground today, and there is nothing to see. The earthworks that once defined the boundary of this site have been so thoroughly levelled, whether by ploughing, land improvement, or simply the slow compression of centuries, that the feature has been entirely absorbed into the upland pasture around it.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically built between roughly 500 and 1000 AD, defined by one or more circular banks and ditches. They are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, with tens of thousands recorded across the country. The Drum example sat on elevated ground with what the 1840 survey implies was a commanding position over the surrounding landscape, a placement that would have been typical for such sites, combining agricultural function with a degree of visibility and perhaps social display. That the OS surveyors could record its outline in the nineteenth century but that nothing remains detectable at ground level today speaks to how dramatically the Irish upland landscape was reshaped during the intervening period, particularly through land clearance and drainage schemes associated with improving agriculture.
