Enclosure, Dunganstown, Co. Wicklow

Co. Wicklow |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Dunganstown, Co. Wicklow

Beneath a working tillage field in County Wicklow, a circular ditch traces out a near-perfect ring roughly 38 metres across, and nobody walking the field today would know it was there.

The enclosure at Dunganstown belongs to a category of site that exists mainly as a cropmark, a ghostly outline that becomes legible only from the air, when variations in soil moisture and crop growth betray the presence of buried features below. Cropmarks form because a filled-in ditch retains more moisture than the surrounding ground, causing the crops above it to grow taller or ripen differently, producing a visible contrast when viewed from altitude. This particular ring, with its ditch measured at just over two metres wide, shows up clearly on aerial photography along its northern arc, curving from the western side around to the south-east quadrant. No entrance gap has been identified, which adds a small puzzle to an already elusive site.

The enclosure sits at around 70 metres above sea level on gently rolling land that slopes upward from the Potters River to the south-west. It is not alone in this landscape. Approximately 250 metres to the north-west, within the same tillage field, lies a second circular enclosure also known only from cropmarks, suggesting that this quiet corner of Wicklow was once rather more occupied than it appears. The wider neighbourhood carries further traces of earlier activity: the remains of a building recorded as Dunganstown Castle on the Ordnance Survey's first edition six-inch map of around 1840, dating to the sixteenth or seventeenth century, lies less than 650 metres to the south-west, and a church with an associated graveyard and ecclesiastical enclosure at Castletimon sits roughly two kilometres to the south-east. An ecclesiastical enclosure, in Irish archaeological terms, typically refers to a curvilinear boundary, often of early medieval date, that once defined the sacred precinct around a church or monastic site. The clustering of all these features points to a landscape with a long and layered history of use, even if most of it remains below the plough line.

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